It’s been like forever since I made a Quiz post. So, here’s one to sharpen your sleuthing skills as we head into a new season. I’ve characterized the pitchers in this quiz as journeymen in the best sense of the term – those who recorded solid workloads near league average performance for extended periods. But, these players are also the only pitchers to play their entire careers since 1946 and record a certain career accomplishment. What is it?
Rk | Player |
---|---|
1 | Jim Clancy |
2 | Milt Wilcox |
3 | Mike Torrez |
4 | Dick Ellsworth |
5 | Bob Purkey |
6 | Robin Roberts |
7 | Ned Garver |
8 | Bob Rush |
Hint: there were 77 pitchers who accomplished this feat while playing all or part of their careers from 1901 to 1945.
Seems I’ve managed to stump our esteemed panel. The solution is after the jump.
The players in the quiz are the only starting pitchers (60% of games started) to play their entire careers (min. 2000 IP) since 1946 and record shutouts in less than 15% of their complete games. A ninth pitcher (Johnny Sain), whose career spanned the 1946 cutoff, meets this criteria and recorded all of his complete games since 1946.
Rk | Player | Year | SHO | CG | IP | From | To | Age | G | GS | W | L | BB | SO | Tm | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Jim Clancy | 1991 | 11 | 74 | 2517.1 | 1977 | 1991 | 21-35 | 472 | 381 | 140 | 167 | .456 | 947 | 1422 | 4.23 | 4.04 | 98 | TOR-HOU-ATL |
2 | Milt Wilcox | 1986 | 10 | 73 | 2016.2 | 1970 | 1986 | 20-36 | 394 | 283 | 119 | 113 | .513 | 770 | 1137 | 4.07 | 4.10 | 97 | CIN-CLE-CHC-DET-SEA |
3 | Mike Torrez | 1984 | 15 | 117 | 3043.2 | 1967 | 1984 | 20-37 | 494 | 458 | 185 | 160 | .536 | 1371 | 1404 | 3.96 | 4.07 | 98 | STL-MON-BAL-OAK-NYY-BOS-NYM |
4 | Dick Ellsworth | 1971 | 9 | 87 | 2155.2 | 1958 | 1971 | 18-31 | 407 | 310 | 115 | 137 | .456 | 595 | 1140 | 3.72 | 3.54 | 100 | CHC-PHI-BOS-CLE-MIL |
5 | Bob Purkey | 1966 | 13 | 92 | 2114.2 | 1954 | 1966 | 24-36 | 386 | 276 | 129 | 115 | .529 | 510 | 793 | 3.79 | 3.80 | 103 | PIT-CIN-STL |
6 | Robin Roberts | 1966 | 45 | 305 | 4688.2 | 1948 | 1966 | 21-39 | 676 | 609 | 286 | 245 | .539 | 902 | 2357 | 3.41 | 3.50 | 113 | PHI-BAL-HOU-CHC |
7 | Ned Garver | 1961 | 18 | 153 | 2477.1 | 1948 | 1961 | 22-35 | 402 | 330 | 129 | 157 | .451 | 881 | 881 | 3.73 | 4.02 | 112 | SLB-DET-KCA-LAA |
8 | Bob Rush | 1960 | 16 | 118 | 2410.2 | 1948 | 1960 | 22-34 | 417 | 321 | 127 | 152 | .455 | 789 | 1244 | 3.65 | 3.41 | 110 | CHC-MLN-CHW |
9 | Johnny Sain | 1955 | 16 | 140 | 2028.2 | 1946 | 1955 | 28-37 | 372 | 242 | 135 | 109 | .553 | 556 | 842 | 3.47 | 3.64 | 108 | BSN-NYY-KCA |
The lowest shutout percentage of these post-war pitchers is Dick Ellsworth at 10.3% of complete games. Prior to 1946, the pitchers below had the lowest rates, all below 8%, with Vern Kennedy and Jimmy Ring the lowest of the group, both below 6%.
Rk | Player | Year | SHO | CG | IP | From | To | Age | G | GS | W | L | BB | SO | Tm | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Vern Kennedy | 1945 | 7 | 127 | 2025.2 | 1934 | 1945 | 27-38 | 344 | 263 | 104 | 132 | .441 | 1049 | 691 | 4.67 | 4.60 | 95 | CHW-DET-SLB-WSH-CLE-PHI-CIN |
2 | Willis Hudlin | 1944 | 11 | 155 | 2613.1 | 1926 | 1944 | 20-38 | 491 | 328 | 158 | 156 | .503 | 846 | 677 | 4.41 | 4.16 | 102 | CLE-NYG-WSH-SLB |
3 | Ted Lyons | 1942 | 27 | 351 | 4118.1 | 1923 | 1942 | 22-41 | 589 | 479 | 259 | 226 | .534 | 1112 | 1063 | 3.68 | 4.02 | 118 | CHW |
4 | Wes Ferrell | 1941 | 17 | 227 | 2623.0 | 1927 | 1941 | 19-33 | 374 | 323 | 193 | 128 | .601 | 1040 | 985 | 4.04 | 4.23 | 116 | CLE-BOS-WSH-NYY-BRO-BSN |
5 | Earl Whitehill | 1939 | 16 | 226 | 3564.2 | 1923 | 1939 | 24-40 | 541 | 473 | 218 | 185 | .541 | 1431 | 1350 | 4.36 | 4.29 | 100 | DET-WSH-CLE-CHC |
6 | Milt Gaston | 1934 | 10 | 128 | 2105.0 | 1924 | 1934 | 28-38 | 355 | 269 | 97 | 164 | .372 | 836 | 615 | 4.55 | 4.43 | 96 | NYY-SLB-WSH-BOS-CHW |
7 | Jimmy Ring | 1928 | 9 | 154 | 2357.1 | 1917 | 1928 | 22-33 | 389 | 294 | 118 | 149 | .442 | 953 | 833 | 4.13 | 3.99 | 96 | CIN-PHI-NYG-STL |
With modern pitcher usage, complete games have become almost as unusual as shutouts. Thus, recording a complete game without recording a shutout usually means allowing one or two early runs and then shutting a team down. Doing those things in reverse will most times result in a reliever being summoned. The lowest shutout rate among starting pitchers with 2000 IP over the past 25 years (since 1990) belongs to Andy Pettitte at 15.4%, with only these players below 25%.
Rk | Player | Year | SHO | CG | IP | From | To | Age | G | GS | W | L | BB | SO | Tm | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Andy Pettitte | 2013 | 4 | 26 | 3316.0 | 1995 | 2013 | 23-41 | 531 | 521 | 256 | 153 | .626 | 1031 | 2448 | 3.85 | 3.74 | 117 | NYY-HOU |
2 | Livan Hernandez | 2012 | 9 | 50 | 3189.0 | 1996 | 2012 | 21-37 | 519 | 474 | 178 | 177 | .501 | 1066 | 1976 | 4.44 | 4.40 | 95 | FLA-SFG-MON-WSN-ARI-MIN-COL-NYM-MIL-ATL |
3 | Tim Wakefield | 2011 | 6 | 33 | 3226.1 | 1992 | 2011 | 25-44 | 627 | 463 | 200 | 180 | .526 | 1205 | 2156 | 4.41 | 4.72 | 105 | PIT-BOS |
4 | Jon Lieber | 2008 | 5 | 25 | 2198.0 | 1994 | 2008 | 24-38 | 401 | 327 | 131 | 124 | .514 | 422 | 1553 | 4.27 | 4.02 | 103 | PIT-CHC-NYY-PHI |
5 | Curt Schilling | 2007 | 20 | 83 | 3237.2 | 1990 | 2007 | 23-40 | 560 | 431 | 216 | 142 | .603 | 698 | 3106 | 3.42 | 3.21 | 129 | BAL-HOU-PHI-ARI-BOS |
6 | David Wells | 2007 | 12 | 54 | 3259.0 | 1990 | 2007 | 27-44 | 547 | 487 | 225 | 145 | .608 | 648 | 2035 | 4.17 | 4.03 | 108 | TOR-DET-CIN-BAL-NYY-CHW-SDP-BOS-LAD |
7 | Woody Williams | 2007 | 2 | 10 | 2216.1 | 1993 | 2007 | 26-40 | 424 | 330 | 132 | 116 | .532 | 711 | 1480 | 4.19 | 4.63 | 103 | TOR-SDP-STL-HOU |
Another indicator of modern pitcher usage is the start not completed despite allowing zero runs. Those games were once almost non-existent but now have become much more common than shutouts. Among pitchers with 15 career shutouts since 1914, there are 51 who recorded a shutout in every 7-inning start allowing zero runs, the most recent being Bob Gibson who did so 56 times. Conversely, Roy Halladay, the most prolific complete game pitcher of the recent past, did so less than half the time, recording 20 shutouts and 23 other 7-inning starts allowing zero runs. The lowest rate of the 15 shutout group belongs to probably the most celebrated recent pitcher, Pedro Martinez, who posted 17 shutouts but 40 other 7-inning starts allowing zero runs.
Doug,
Not for anything, and totally going tangential here, but how about Jim Clancy’s 40 games started in 1982 has not been surpassed since? Charlie Hough matched him in 1987, but no one has made more starts in a season.
Does this have anything to do with victories in one season and defeats in another?
Nothing to do with wins or losses.
This is a tough one. I’ve spent at least an hour looking at the stats and running searches on the play index and I don’t even have a guess.
Are you being sneaky here? Is it a pitching accomplishment or a hitting accomplishment?
It is a pitching feat.
After spending even more time on this, when I should have been painting the bathroom, I’m thinking it has something to do with a minimum number of innings pitched in a career, but having a low number of something like wild pitches or balks or something.
Back to painting.
Yes, there is a minimum number of career IP to qualify.
But, nothing to do with wild pitches or balks.
I would presume that 2000 IP is the minimum.
That is correct.
There are 125 players pre 1946 who had IP > 2000 and 77 accomplished this mystery feat.
There are over 200 players after 1946 with IP > 2000 and only eight have accomplished this.
I’m thinking that this has something to do with the changes in the way pitchers are used.
I keep looking at this and can’t come up with anything.
Correct deduction.
It is definitely related to changes in how pitchers are used.
It’s not the answer, but Bartolo Colon is the only pitcher with 2000 IP who has allowed 100% of his inherited runners to score. The most recent of his six career relief appearances is the only time he’s entered a game in the middle of an inning, and he allowed the one runner to score. If he had kept the runner from scoring and the rest of the game had gone the same way it did, Mariano Rivera would have one more save and one less win.
I guess the next question is, “Does Andy Pettitte get to Cooperstown with 4 (four) career shutouts”?
And, one CG (in his career finale) in his last 170 starts (almost as many starts as Max Scherzer had before his first CG).
One of the consequences of this shift in strategy is the lengthening of games. In fact, it would be interesting to see some stats on the average delay caused by a pitching change, as opposed to the time lost due to the antics of batters stepping out of the box. The latter is under fire now, but I’d guess the former is far more destructive to the flow of the game and hence contributes far more to the loss of interest in baseball to some of the public.
It is interesting to compare Bob Gibson with Tim Hudson. Both had 56 games of 7+ IP with 0 runs allowed. As Doug mentions, all of Gibby’s games were shutouts. Obviously the Cardinals went 56-0.
Hudson, however, only had 13 shutouts among his 56 games, so he was replaced 43 times. In 13 of those 43 non-shutout games Hudson’s team allowed runs after he left, and they went 12-1 (so overall, 55-1 in Hudson’s 56 games). In that one loss Wickman gave up 3 runs in the 9th. Now, maybe that’s a game where Hudson should have been left in as the Braves were only up 2-0 heading into the 8th (and it was in an AL park, against the Twins, so there was a DH – maybe Hudson was hurt as Soriano replaced him mid-inning with no one on base and the ever dangerous Punto-Tyner combo coming up to bat). He had only thrown 83 pitches, giving up 2 hits, 1 walk, and 2 strikeouts, so it doesn’t seem like he was stressing. There are other games in which Hudson was pulled in the 7th or 8th when the final score ended up 13-0, or 10-0, or 8-0, games that really weren’t in doubt.
My question is: Would the Cardinals (and Gibson) have been better off if they pulled Gibby in games where it really didn’t matter? The Cards beat the Mets 10-0 on 8/18/1962, and Gibson walked 8 batters that day (3 in the last 2 innings when the Cards had a 9-0 lead) though he did only give up 3 hits. I suppose I understand why he was left in on 8/14/1971 when the Cards ended up winning 11-0 – he pitched a no-hitter. But there are other games that Gibby pitched in which he probably could have been pulled because the Cards had a good lead but ultimately he was left in. Now those 1-0 and 2-0 games – yeah, I leave in Bob Gibson. But 8-0 in the 7th, and Gibby is starting to get hit (4/17/65)? Why not give him a break?
It’s difficult to say that Gibson’s career was “shortened” when he pitched almost 3900 innings (46th all-time, 36th since 1893), and it’s also difficult to say that he could have been much better than he actually was (81.9 pitching WAR – 25th all-time, but 47 WAA are tied for 18th all-time), but it’s a little scary to think he might have been a little more effective, albeit in slightly fewer innings, if he had a little bit of a break now and then.
Nice comp Artie Z.
Intuitively, I think everyone would have to agree there’s not a lot of point to keeping your ace on the hill with (for example) an 8-run lead in the 8th inning (unless he’s on the verge of doing something historic).
My first reaction was surprise that the Braves lost only once after removing Hudson in that situation. But, thinking about it some more, most teams with any kind of lead after 7 innings do seem to win at a clip well above 90%, so 55-1 when shutting out your opponent after 7+ probably isn’t that unusual. As a check, I looked at Pedro who had a similar profile to Hudson: 17 shutouts and 40 other 7 IP+ scoreless starts. In those 40 games a very similar result: 38-2 with both losses in extras, incl. one after the Mets coughed up a 4-0 9th inning lead.
Per the gregstoll win expectancy calculator after 7 innings:
Visitors ahead by 1 run, win expectancy = .753.
Home team ahead by 1 run, win expectancy = .774.
Visitors ahead by 2 runs,win expectancy = .872.
Home team ahead by 2 runs, win expectancy = .880.
3 runs or more ahead either team has a .942+ chance of winning.
The historical numbers in the P-I (combined home/away) for all leads are:
2014: .917
2013: .905
2012: .919
2011: .901
2010: .917
2009: .906
2008: .905
2007: .897
2006: .904
2005: .904
Bob Gibson was by reputation a fierce competitor who was no respecter of persons. It is possible that it took a certain amount of courage to walk out to the mound when Gibson was pitching a shutout and ask for the ball….
Maybe someone more computer-savvy than I can verify the exact dates, but I think Gibson had a streak of two years without being taken out of a game while pitching, before the opposition made three outs (1967-69?).
Adam Wainwright pitched 6 scoreless innings on opening day, then was taken out; didn’t even make the seven inning cutoff above. Taking out your presumed ace in front of an opening day crowd without an obvious reason would have been bad baseball business in the old days, when the big crowd would have been presumed to pay good money in part to see him pitch. We should remember that fan expectations constrain decisions even now – pushing against those constraints has always marked the great managers